Chemical Class–Driven Polyphenolic Profiles Shape In Vitro Regenerative Activity of Four Medicinal Plants Relevant to Burn Wound Healing

<b>Background:</b> Burn wound repair is driven by oxidative balance and keratinocyte regeneration. Polyphenol-rich botanicals are considered promising due to combined antioxidant and pro-regenerative properties. This study compares four ethnopharmacologically relevant species-<i>Boswellia serrata</i> (BS), <i>Sambucus nigra</i> (SN), <i>Ocimum basilicum</i> (OB), and <i>Galium verum</i> (GV)-to determine how their polyphenolic class profiles relate to in vitro regenerative activity. <b>Methods</b>: Ethanolic (E-99.5%) and hydroalcoholic (H-70%) extracts were profiled by LC-MS, total polyphenol content (TPC), and DPPH assays. Biological effects were assessed in HaCaT keratinocytes using Alamar Blue (24/48 h) and scratch wound closure (24 h), and results were correlated with chemical profiles. <b>Results</b>: The H extract of OB (OB-H) and of GV (GV-H) had the highest TPC (62.6 and 63.9 mg GAE/g) and lowest DPPH IC₅₀ (18.7 and 17.1 μg/mL), aligning with the strongest biological responses-HaCaT viability up to 169.1% and wound closure up to 414%. SN extracts, dominated by rutin, promoted moderate migration with preserved viability, whereas BS produced modest viability gains. <b>Conclusions:</b> Polyphenolic composition-particularly the dominance of phenolic acids-correlates strongly with in vitro regenerative responses in HaCaT keratinocytes. <i>O. basilicum</i> and <i>G. verum</i> hydroalcoholic extracts displayed the most favorable profiles.