Waterborne Random Copolymers as Polymeric Surfactants for Emulsion Polymerization

Waterborne acrylic polymer dispersions are typically produced via emulsion polymerization by using low molar mass surfactants. While these surfactants ensure dispersion stability, they negatively affect coating properties, such as water resistance, adhesion, haze formation, and barrier performance. A promising alternative is polymeric surfactants. Properly designed, polymeric surfactants prevent leaching and associated issues while enhancing coating performance. This review begins by explaining the use of polymeric surfactants, followed by an overview of their types and the polymerization methods employedprimarily bulk, solution, and emulsion polymerization. Then, polymeric surfactants synthesized through emulsion polymerization will be described, and their role in subsequent emulsion processes for waterborne binder production will be discussed. Additionally, the review examines coating morphology and presents examples of industrial applications, including coatings for printing and packaging.