Rapunzel Syndrome Complicated by Cholecystoduodenal Fistula Secondary to Biliary Compression: A Case Report of a Patient With Cerebral Palsy

Rapunzel syndrome is a rare form of gastric trichobezoar that extends into the small intestine, leading to intestinal obstruction. Biliary-enteric fistulas are abnormal communications between the biliary system and the gastrointestinal tract, generally occurring spontaneously. We report the case of a 26-year-old female patient with a history of cerebral palsy who presented to the emergency department with an acute abdomen. Computed tomography revealed a mass occupying the stomach and intestine. A laparotomy was performed, identifying a gastric and duodenal trichobezoar complicated by an acute perforated gastric ulcer, in addition to a vesicoduodenal fistula secondary to extrinsic compression of the gallbladder. This fistula clinically mimicked a type V Mirizzi syndrome. A Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy was carried out. The patient died from nosocomial pneumonia 30 days later. This case highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in patients with underlying neurological conditions and underscores the surgical feasibility of hepaticojejunostomy in complex scenarios of secondary biliary involvement.