Unpacking digital heritage experiences using PLS SEM and fsQCA through a perception-place behavior model

Abstract Digital heritage experiences increasingly rely on Digital Twin Technology (DTT), yet how perception and emotion translate into behavioral intentions remains insufficiently understood. This study integrates PLS-SEM and fsQCA to examine cognitive–affective mechanisms underlying tourists’ environmental and cultural respect intentions. Structural modeling confirms two key routes: a cognitive path driven by perceived realism and cultural identity, and an emotional path anchored in narrative immersion and place attachment. Cultural capital moderates both paths in opposing directions. Meanwhile, fsQCA reveals multiple sufficient configurations across three mechanism types: narrative-driven emotional resonance, realism-based cognitive framing, and multi-factor collaboration. These findings introduce a novel Perception–Place–Behavior (PPB) framework that bridges technology acceptance and cultural theory in digital heritage contexts. Practically, a dual-mode system is recommended to accommodate users with varying cultural capital and enhance emotional engagement and cultural responsiveness.