Effect of Thick Closed Walls of West and South Elevations of Iraqi Middle and South Territory Housing Building on Reducing Energy Use

Thermal insulation is one of the most important factors in achieving sustainability, increasing efficiency, and reducing energy consumption, but modern insulation materials are expensive, in addition to their availability. Therefore, through our research, we resorted to investigating the issue of reducing thermal load in buildings through the use of thick-walled facades in the southern and western facades, where we studied a building with two windows with windows on the southern and western facades and another without these windows and with thick walls, for two locations, the first in central Iraq, which is the city of Baghdad, and the second in southern Iraq, which is in the city of Basra. We noticed from the research results that the convection has increased. It decreased by rates ranging from (23–26%) and the necessary air conditioning air flow decreased by about (21–25%) which contributes to achieving efficiency and sustainability and reducing energy costs.