Effects of Graded Stone Bund on Chemical, Physical and Biological Properties of Soil: The Case of West Harareghe Zonal Watersheds, Oromia Region, Chiro, Ethiopia

Soil is the vital natural resource; it has been provides multiple functions and services which is considered as a fundamental for all life live in and on the Earth surface and in the atmosphere. Mathematically soil is the subset of land whereas the land is the subset of earth and soil is expressed in terms of depth. Geological erosion is occurred under natural conditions such as undistributed watershed natural forests; then, soil formation and its losses by erosion agents are at equilibrium while excluding acceleration erosion. But as a result of anthropogenic impacts soil is seriously impaired and hampered the basic livelihoods of the human-being. This study will be entitled with: effects of graded stone bund on chemical, physical and biological soil properties: the case of west Harareghe zonal watershed, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. This study will be carrying out to alleviate the problems of site matching and past mistakes of structural SWC measures by doing these objectives: to examine the trends and variations of graded stone bunds on soil physical, chemical and biological properties in comparison to control and homestead land uses and to be work on transferring the homestead or farmstead land use technologies to other land uses based on the final results. This experimental research will be design by using complete block randomized design (CRBD) method of the Latin square design. The stated hypotheses will be proof by use 0.01 significance level. Five Woreda from west Harareghe zone will be selects purposefully based on the preliminary surveying, having a model watershed. The total of 450 composite and the total of 450 separate soil samples will be collects for laboratory analysis, to examine soil BD and MC respectively under this study. The second data will be used to determine soil texture on filed using of field testing methods by making composite soil samples; then the total of 150 composite samples will be obtain to test soil texture on the field. Data will be subjected to SPSS or SAS computer based software and analyzed. The correlation of their variations and no variations will be testing by using chi square, student t test, and F-test of multivariate of GLM. Also they will be study the relationship between the study parameters by use person’s correlations.