The application of inflammation-modulating dermal scaffolds in chronic wound repair

Chronic wounds are a significant global health concern and remain an unresolved challenge. In recent years, with rapid advancements in materials science and the deep integration of biomedicine and materials science, numerous inflammation-modulating dermal substitutes (IMDs) that integrate anti-inflammatory biomaterials and bioactive components have emerged, providing new strategies for the treatment of chronic wounds by precisely regulating the inflammatory microenvironment. This article reviews the roles and mechanisms of actions of IMD scaffolds with varying compositions, physical properties, and drug loadings, focusing on the core pathological mechanism—the imbalanced inflammatory response in chronic wounds. It aims to provide valuable references for researchers and clinicians in related fields and to promote the further development and application of IMD scaffolds.