Biogas as a solution to the problem of waste utilisation in agriculture

This article is devoted to the study of the potential of biogas technologies on the example of the Republic of Karelia, with a focus on the processing of agricultural waste. The authors consider the problem of utilisation of organic waste, which is traditionally stored or incinerated, and propose an alternative solution - anaerobic digestion for the production of biogas, energy and fertilizers. The study includes analyses of statistical data on the amount and composition of waste, as well as a study of global experience in this area. The significant potential of Karelia for biogas production, mainly from manure and crop residues, has been identified. It is calculated that 17.2 million cubic metres of biogas can be produced from 248 thousand tonnes of manure, potentially producing about 31.8 million kWh of electricity. The study highlights that the biogas yield depends on the type of feedstock and that biogas fertilisers increase crop yields. Successful examples of biogas technology implementation in other regions and countries emphasise the promising potential of this area. The work confirms the significant potential of biogas technologies in Karelia, but also points out the need to overcome technical and economic barriers.