Optimization of COD and color removal from industrial park wastewater by using sono-pulsed-electrochemical oxidation

Abstract The industrial sector is one of the biggest users of freshwater and a primary source of pollution in the environment. This study evaluates the performance of a combined sono-pulsed electrochemical oxidation (S-PEO) process for industrial wastewater treatment, focusing on the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and color while optimizing power consumption. The study employed response surface methodology (Design Expert 11) based on a central composite design (CCD) to analyses the influence of key operational parameters, including initial pH (3–11), electrolysis time (20–60 min), and current (0.2–0.8 Amp), on COD removal efficiency. Experimental results demonstrated that the optimal conditions pH of 7, electrolysis time of 40 min, and current of 0.5 Amp achieved a maximum COD removal of 97.36 % and color removal of 99.72 %, with a minimum power consumption of 0.2k Wh/m 3 . A quadratic regression model effectively predicted COD removal, color removal, and power consumption, yielding high coefficients of determination ( R 2 > 0.99). Analysis of variance confirmed the statistical significance of the independent variables and their interactions at a 95 % confidence level. These findings highlight the S-PEO process as an efficient and sustainable approach to industrial wastewater treatment, demonstrating high pollutant removal efficiency with optimized energy usage.