Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs)/Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs) Contained 3D Printed Structures For Tissue Engineering Applications

In order to solve the lack of organ donors and promote tissue healing, tissue engineering combines biology, engineering, and materials science to develop biological replacements that can maintain, repair, or improve tissue function. Its objective is to use scaffolds, cells, and bioactive materials to generate functional tissues, which may be employed to address organ failures and degenerative disorders. 3D printing technology allows for the development of intricate scaffolds that resemble the extracellular matrix using a variety of biomaterials, such as nanoparticles, bioceramics, and natural and synthetic polymers. Due to their antibacterial and biocompatible qualities, silver and gold nanoparticles are added to these materials to improve wound healing and therapeutic efficacy. Additionally, the special characteristics of gold nanoparticles support medical imaging and sensing applications. By enhancing scaffold performance and infection prevention while encouraging cell proliferation and tissue regeneration, the incorporation of nanoparticles into tissue engineering scaffolds promotes regenerative medicine. In this work, 3D printed structures using AgNPs and AuNPs for applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine are reviewed. In order to develop or select materials for 3D printing structures that are effective and advantageous in tissue engineering, the academic and clinical sectors benefit from studying previous investigations in this field. This review offers a thorough analysis of the uses of silver and gold nanoparticles in tissue engineering by integrating a dual emphasis on these particles within different 3D-printing methods. Compared to previous assessments, it also has an organized summary in Table 1, which improves readability and clarity.