Factors Associated with Malaria Death in Children Aged 0 to 5 Years at Charles de Gaulle University Pediatric Hospital Center, Burkina Faso, 2018–2022

<i>Introduction</i>: Malaria is one of the leading causes of death among children under 5 years of age worldwide, with more than 90% of these deaths located in Africa. In Burkina Faso, malaria is also highly fatal. It is therefore essential to understand the explanatory factors of these deaths in order to develop effective and efficient preventive strategies. This study aims to identify the factors associated with malaria death in children aged 0 to 5 years at the Charles de Gaulles University Hospital (CHUP-CDG). <i>Methods</i>: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on a population of children under 5 years of age with malaria who had been hospitalized at the CHUP-CDG. The data were collected from the medical records of the CHUP-CDG care units. The analysis calculated, using SAS® Software version 9.4., the ORs of associations of patient characteristics with death. <i>Results:</i> The case fatality rate of malaria was 40.63%. The variables associated with death were rural residence 3.72 [2.48; 12:77], poverty 3:53, [1,10; 11:30], severe malnutrition 3:62, [1,61; 21:51], coma 8:72 [3:15; 24:12], vomiting 2:82 [1:81; 4:12], respiratory distress 5:46 [2:20; 13,58], metabolic acidosis 5,39, [1,79; 16,28], hypoglycemia 3.68 [1.03; 13,21], renal insufficiency 4.91 [1.37; 17.58], having had an indication for transfusion and not having been transfused 308.22 [37.06; 408,66]. <i>Conclusion: </i>The need to raise awareness among the population for early use of health facilities, the promotion of universal health coverage and the promotion of a community health policy is necessary in view of the factors identified.