The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Perceived Health Outcomes among LGBTQ Adults in Taiwan: The Mediating Role of Social Support

The COVID-19 pandemic profoundly affected multiple dimensions of well-being, particularly among vulnerable groups. This study examined how COVID-19–related stressors in Taiwan—such as unmet needs, housing instability, and long working hours—affected the health outcomes of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) adults, with a focus on the mediating role of social support. A total of 338 Taiwanese LGBTQ participants completed the Global Pride Study survey between February and April 2022. Participants’ mean age was 33.0 years (range = 19–63). The sample comprised predominantly gay men (45.0%), followed by lesbian women (22.5%), bisexual individuals (18.0%), and sexually diverse participants (14.5%). COVID-19-related stressors were significantly associated with poorer health outcomes. Social support partially mediated these relationships, while loneliness was associated with worse outcomes, and community engagement predicted improved well-being. Notably, 23.9% of participants reported less discrimination during the pandemic, suggesting temporary shifts in social dynamics. Social support plays a vital mediating role in the relationships between pandemic-related stressors and health outcomes among LGBTQ adults in Taiwan. Loneliness and community engagement showed opposite directions in their associations with health outcomes. The findings underscore the importance of strengthening both emotional and tangible support systems to promote resilience and enhance overall well-being. Policies should prioritize inclusive, community-informed support systems that meet the diverse needs of LGBTQ individuals in Taiwan. Efforts should promote social integration, reduce loneliness, and expand access to mental, physical, and vocational resources. Future initiatives and funding should support culturally relevant forms of social support that enhance the well-being of LGBTQ communities in the post-pandemic era.