Relationship Between Bottle Feeding and Malocclusion on Children: A Literature Review

The prevalence of malocclusion in Indonesia is still very high, namely around 80% of the Indonesian population. Malocclusion is an occlusion that deviates from normal conditions, there is irregularity of the tooth or incorrect placement of dental arches outside the normal curve. Malocclusion can cause periodontal problems, impaired oral function, mastication, swallowing and psychosocial problems related to aesthetics. Malocclusion can be caused by several factors, including hereditary factors inherited from parents and environmental factors such as bad oral habits and eating patterns. One of the bad oral habits that can be a factor in malocclusion is bottle feeding. This literature review was carried out to assess the existing literature regarding the prevalence and consequences of bottle feeding (pacifier use) and malocclusions after using pacifiers among children. The condition of dental occlusion can be affected by the habit of sucking on a pacifier. The use of conventional pacifiers in most cases shows clinical features such as increased overjet, overbite, openbite, crossbite, mesial plane and distal plane. Based on the results of research conducted, it shows that malocclusion in deciduous teeth caused by using a pacifier is influenced by the duration and frequency of the child using a pacifier in a day. Pacifier use is associated with malocclusion in deciduous teeth because there are several theoretical mechanisms by which pacifier use can contribute to the development of malocclusion.