Investigating the two-by-two relationships between situational awareness, eye movements and performance in forklift drivers

In order to effectively measure the situational awareness (SA) and performance of forklift drivers, this study delves into the two-by-two relationships among SA, eye movements and performance based on field experiment data. A field experiment was conducted involving 15 forklift drivers who completed three tasks with varying loads. The 3D situation awareness rating technique (SART) questionnaire was developed to calculate each driver's SA score, expert performance ratings were used to assess driver performance, and eye tracking technology was employed to collect real-time eye movement data. Pearson's correlation coefficient was utilized to explore the correlations among these variables. The findings revealed significant correlations between numerous eye-tracking indicators and SA across different subtasks. In certain tasks, some eye-tracking indicators were found to exhibit a significant correlation with performance. Interestingly, no direct correlation between SA and performance was observed. These findings can provide important insights for the assessment of SA and performance.