Fundamentals applications of blockchain impact on intelligent healthcare systems

Abstract The advent of advanced technologies such as blockchain (BC), artificial intelligence (AI), big data, and the internet of things (IoT) promises a transformative era in healthcare. BC offers solutions to critical healthcare challenges including data interoperability, security, and patient privacy, due to its decentralized, secure, and transparent nature. Networking IoT devices through BC provides seamless and secure connectivity for continuous patient monitoring and management. Integrating big data analytics ensures the integrity and security of massive health datasets, fostering trust and compliance with regulatory standards. AI-driven analytics and predictive modeling can harness large datasets for early disease detection and personalized treatment plans. Combining BC with these technologies enhances data accuracy, facilitates real-time monitoring for patients, and improves decision-making processes in healthcare delivery. To achieve these objectives, this paper employs a systematic literature review methodology, covering publications indexed in Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed between 2017 and late 2024. The study selection followed clear inclusion and exclusion criteria to ensure the relevance and quality of analyzed research. This paper studies recent literature to understand the extent and impact of these technologies on healthcare systems. It examines the progress and challenges of applying BC, AI, Big Data, and IoT within healthcare systems. The study identifies emerging trends, collaboration patterns, and key areas for future use and investigation. The findings highlight the necessity for integrated technological frameworks to address the evolving demands of healthcare, ensuring better health outcomes, enhanced patient experiences, and optimized resource utilization.