Gut Microbiota and Metabolome Dynamics Along Gastric Cancer Progression: An Exploratory Multi-Omics Analysis

By integrating GM and metabolomic data, this study delineates stage-specific microbial and metabolic alterations along the CS. Atrophy represents a pivotal inflection point in the transition from homeostasis to carcinogenesis, while erosion serves as a transitional state. Combined microbiota-metabolite signatures hold promise for non-invasive early detection, disease stratification, and mechanistic insights into metabolic dependencies in GC.