Abstract WP076: Relations in predicted lean mass, fat mass and carotid atherosclerosis

Background: Little is known about the association of two body components, fat mass (FM) and lean body mass (LM), with the prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis (CA). We aimed to examine this association of the two body components with the development of CA among community population. Methods: We analyzed data from 52824 adults ≥40 years old included in the China Stroke High-risk Population screening and Intervention Program (CSHPSIP) during 2017-2020. Predicted lean body mass and fat mass were estimated using the validated anthropometric prediction equations developed by the national Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) based on individual race, age, sex, weight, height, and waist circumference. Participants were categorized into sex-specific quartiles of predicted LM and FM. Logistic regression and cubic spline models were used to investigate the association of FM and LM with carotid atherosclerosis, adjusting for potential confounders. Results: Mean predicted fat mass was 22.9 kg [95% confidence interval (CI): 19.1-26.2] for female participants and 16.7 kg (95% CI: 13.7-20.0) for male participants. While mean predicted lean body mass was 34.0 kg (95% CI: 31.3-36.5) for female participants and 48.8 kg (95% CI: 44.1-52.8) for male participants. Predicted FM showed a positive association with carotid atherosclerosis, with higher prevalence in those with higher FM: Quartile 3 (OR, 1.19; 95% CI: 1.12-1.27) and Quartile 4 (OR, 1.39; 95% CI: 1.30-1.49) compared with Quartile 1. In contrast, predicted LM showed a negative association with carotid atherosclerosis, with significantly reduced prevalence in those with lower LM: Quartile 3 (OR, 0.84; 95% CI: 0.79-0.90) and Quartile 4 (OR, 0.77; 95% CI: 0.71-0.83) compared with Quartile 1. Similar results were found for carotid intima-media thickness, carotid plaques, and carotid stenosis. Cubic spline analyses showed higher prevalence of CA with higher FM in both sexes, whereas a U-shaped association between predicted LM and CA in male. Our findings remained robust in several sensitivity analyses. Conclusions: In this Chinese general population, decreased predicted lean body mass and increased fat mass were associated with an elevated prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis.