Vesicovaginal fistula repair: comparative analysis of perioperative outcomes and predictors of success in open, laparoscopic, and robotic approaches

This study highlights the importance of selecting the surgical approach based on fistula characteristics and clinical context. Minimally invasive techniques provided perioperative advantages, whereas open surgery remains essential for complex cases. Careful preoperative planning and well-informed clinical decision-making are crucial to optimize management. Further prospective, multicenter studies are warranted to confirm these findings and guide standardized best practices.