Cushing's Syndrome and Pregnancy: A Report of Three Cases and Literature Review

Abstract Introduction: Cushing’s syndrome (CS) during pregnancy is a rare and complex condition due to the overlap of symptoms with normal physiological changes during pregnancy and the associated maternal and fetal risks. Objective: To describe three cases of Cushing’s syndrome diagnosed during or shortly after pregnancy, detailing clinical characteristics, diagnostics, management, and outcomes, alongside a review of recent literature. Methods: A retrospective analysis of three cases managed in a university endocrinology department, complemented by a review of current data on CS and pregnancy. Results: The three patients presented clinical and biochemical signs of hypercortisolism. Two cases were due to adrenal adenomas confirmed by imaging and pathology, while one case corresponded to a recurrence of pituitary adenoma managed conservatively during pregnancy. Treatments included surgery and monitoring depending on disease activity and gestational age. Maternal and fetal outcomes varied, illustrating the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Conclusion: Early diagnosis of CS during pregnancy is essential. Multidisciplinary tailored management optimizes maternal and fetal outcomes. Further studies are necessary to standardize care.