Gonadal transcriptome data of fast and slow growth of Oreochromis niloticus

<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>, commonly known as Nile tilapia, is an economically significant freshwater fish widely cultured for consumption. Tilapia is one of the most important aquaculture commodities worldwide due to its high demand; therefore, it has been widely cultivated. Here we focus on two strains of Nile tilapia: the <b>K-strain</b>, characterized by its rapid growth, and the <b>N-strain</b>, known for its slower growth. To enrich the information on the genes involved in growth regulation, RNA sequencing was performed, and transcriptomic datasets were generated from the gonads of both strains. The raw and transcriptomic data have been deposited in the NCBI database, with BioProject Number: PRJNA1354995. These data will provide an essential source of information to enrich the genome annotation of this species, especially in understanding the mechanism underlying the regulation of genes in fast- and slow-growth tilapia.