Exploring the intention to use e-cigarettes and its influencing factors among Thai non-formal education students: A cross-sectional study

The findings highlight the importance of fostering negative attitudes toward e-cigarette use and reducing the influence of subjective norms among students. However, as this study employed a cross-sectional design, further longitudinal and interventional studies are needed to confirm these relationships and provide stronger evidence for the prevention of e-cigarette use among non-formal education students.