Assessment of the impact of soil water saturation at the Malyshevske deposit on the stability of quarry structures

A high groundwater level and significant wettability of ore sands at the Malyshevske deposit create substantial risks for the stability of foundations, base soils, and structures within the quarry field. The study of these factors is critically important for ensuring the safety and reliability of mining and construction facilities. The objective of the paper was to determine the physical and mechanical properties and to assess the influence of ore sands on the stability of foundations, base soils, and structures within the quarry zone of the Malyshevske deposit, as well as to develop recommendations for their stabilisation. A comprehensive set of research methods was applied, including hydrogeological, geophysical, hydraulic analyses, and mathematical calculations. The investigation of hydrogeological conditions was used to identify the groundwater level and its impact on structural stability. Testing of ore sands was conducted to determine their physical and mechanical characteristics, including permeability and filtration properties. Key factors affecting foundation stability in high moisture zones were identified. Recommendations were developed to increase the bearing capacity of base soils and foundations through drainage systems, soil injection stabilisation, and the use of special materials with low permeability. The actual average filtration coefficient of ore sands at the Malyshevske deposit was determined using the piezometric head method. For the first time in this region, integrated measures were proposed that include a combination of drainage and filtration systems to reduce groundwater levels, along with mathematical modelling to forecast the impact of these changes on the stability of quarry structures. The study has considerable practical significance for the design and operation of quarries under conditions of elevated groundwater levels and high soil moisture saturation. The proposed methods and measures allow for effective risk reduction associated with fluctuations in groundwater levels and ensure the stability of quarry structures, which in turn enhances the safety of mining operations and reduces maintenance costs for engineering facilities