CAR-T cell immunotherapy of malignant melanoma

CAR T-cell immunotherapy has proven transformative in the treatment of selected hematological malignancies. However, solid tumors such as melanoma remain much more challenging to treat using this emerging modality. Here we consider issues surrounding target selection, encompassing both tumor cells and accompanying stroma, in addition to armoring approaches that may potentiate delivery to or efficacy within the tumor microenvironment. We also consider a number of advanced CAR-based architectures to enable multi-antigen or universal antigen targeting and combination-based approaches.