Sinus membrane thickness and its correlation with anatomical parameters using cone beam computed tomography: a cross-sectional study

This study evaluated and correlated sinus membrane thickness with anatomical parameters in periodontally healthy individuals (Group I) and Stage III periodontitis patients (Group II) using CBCT. Eighty systemically healthy patients (19–65 years) were equally divided into two groups. Sinus membrane thickness was measured at three standardized points (A, B, C), along with sinus width and sinus angle. Group II demonstrated significantly greater membrane thickness at all points (e.g., AR: 3.58 ± 1.28 mm vs. 2.17 ± 1.70 mm; BR: 3.50 ± 0.88 mm vs. 2.26 ± 0.84 mm; CR: 3.45 ± 0.79 mm vs. 1.85 ± 1.16 mm; all p = 0.0001). Sinus angles at AR, AL, and CL were significantly smaller in Group II (e.g., AR: 75.48 ± 8.59° vs. 82.15 ± 4.38°, p = 0.0001). The point of maximum membrane thickness was also higher in Group II (right side: 4.02 ± 1.44 mm vs. 3.08 ± 1.88 mm, p = 0.016). Sinus width showed no significant differences between groups (right side p = 0.857; left side p = 0.920). Across both groups, males exhibited greater mucosal thickness than females. Overall, periodontal disease was associated with increased sinus mucosal thickening and alterations in sinus morphology.