Developing an Integrated Scenario and Simulator Based PBL Instructional Model to Enhance Student Pilots’ Collaborative Response Competence in Abnormal Flight Situations

This study proposes an integrated Problem Based Learning instructional model that combines scenario based training and simulator based learning to strengthen student pilots’ competencies in responding to abnormal flight situations. Given that human factor related errors remain a primary cause of aviation accidents, the model emphasizes the systematic development of nontechnical skills in pilot education based on ICAO and FAA standards. Core nontechnical skill elements such as situational awareness, decision making, communication, teamwork, leadership, workload management, and stress and fatigue management are incorporated throughout the instructional design. The proposed model consists of five stages: preparation prior to training, scenario analysis, collaborative response planning, simulator practice, and structured debriefing, and is aligned with a six step risk management framework to reflect realistic operational contexts. By integrating cognitive analysis with simulation based practice, the model is expected to enhance the transfer of theoretical knowledge to practical application and to support standardized and internationally aligned pilot training in Korea.