Information and analytical support for the management of threat risks during combat operations

The purpose of the study was to identify the features of constructing and applying analytical systems in the processes of assessing and minimising wartime risks. The methodology was based on structural functional, comparative and system-analytical methods. It was established that the identification of threats during combat operations is based on the integration of multi-source data and covers four interrelated types of risks – physical, man-made, information and psychological. Physical risks are associated with the destruction of critical infrastructure, in particular during the defence of Kyiv in 2022 and shelling in the Gaza Strip in 2023; man-made consequences, such as the breach of the Kakhovka dam in 2023 and damage to the Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant, caused flooding of more than 600 km2 and required round-the-clock monitoring by the International Atomic Energy Agency. In 2022-2024, more than 20,000 cyberattacks were recorded, and hybrid threats, combining physical, cyber and psychological impacts, destabilise the state and society. It was found that the key response instrument is an information and analytical system with a multi-level architecture for collecting, processing and visualising data, which uses Big Data, Machine Learning and predictive modelling to assess risks and support real-time decision-making. A comparison of Ukraine, Gaza, and Burundi showed different stages of development of an information and analytical system: in Ukraine, the system provides response within “hours to a day” and integrates data from various sources. In Gaza, the system has a humanitarian nature, updating daily data on more than 4,500 destroyed facilities; in Burundi, it uses an infrastructure resilience index with a lag of several days and weekly risk correction. The most effective is a hybrid model that combines international standards and national resources, ensuring rapid response and long-term resilience in post-conflict conditions. The practical significance lies in the possibility of using the results by state, analytical and humanitarian structures for faster response and infrastructure protection during combat operations