Overview of promising research in the field of solid waste recycling for further use as solid fuel materials

The relevance of the stated topic of this research is the global increase in environmental problems, including resource depletion and pollution, which has led to an urgent need to develop solutions for sustainable waste management. This study is concerned with municipal solid waste processing, with a particular focus on the conversion of waste into solid fuel materials. A comparative analysis of the literature for the period up to 2024 was carried out to identify the most efficient waste-to-energy technologies. The findings highlight two key societal issues: environmental degradation due to inadequate waste management practices and resource scarcity caused by urbanisation and industrialisation. Among the notable results is the identification of waste incineration and pyrolysis as promising technologies for energy recovery, landfill reduction and environmental mitigation. In particular, it was shown that pyrolysis produces more energy and emissions than traditional incineration. In addition, the analysis showed the potential of waste-to-energy and microbial fuel cells as innovative approaches to sustainable energy production from waste. These technologies can provide additional sources of energy for domestic and industrial needs, while reducing the environmental impact of waste disposal. The practical value of this research lies in its potential to develop advanced technologies for processing municipal solid waste for energy, which can improve resource efficiency and energy sustainability