Foundation model for particle collision data analysis
Abstract Data-intensive collider experiments increasingly require models that transfer across high-dimensional, partially observed measurements, yet most analyses still optimize separate models for each task. Here, to address this bottleneck, we introduce EVENET, an event-level foundation model pretrained on 500 million simulated collision events using self-supervised learning and physics-informed supervision. The model constructs a shared particle-cloud representation from the variable-length set of physics objects in each event. Across searches for heavy resonances and exotic Higgs decays, EVENET outperforms both established and state-of-the-art baselines, particularly in low-statistics regimes. We validate transfer to experimental data by rediscovering the ϒ meson in CMS Open Data. The pretrained model also supports precise extraction of quantum-correlation observables that remain stable under the tested systematic variations. Together, these results establish a reusable backbone for diverse collider analyses, improving downstream adaptation after a substantial one-time pretraining investment.
Authors
- Ting-Hsiang Hsu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4260-5118)
- George Wei-Shu Hou (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4260-5118)
- Benjamin Nachman
- Shih-Chieh Hsu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5914-8614)
- Bai-Hong Zhou
- Qibin Liu
- Yue Xu
- Yuan-Tang Chou
- Shu Li
- Vinicius Mikuni (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1579-2421)
- Yulei Zhang
Institutions
- University of Washington (US)
- National Tsing Hua University (TW)
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (US)
- Nagoya University (JP)
- Stanford University (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Nature Machine Intelligence
- Published
- 2026-10-29
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s42256-026-01322-9
- Primary Topic
- Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- National Science Foundation
- U.S. Department of Energy
- National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- Ministry of Education, India
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- National Science and Technology Council
- Office of Science