Techno economic integrated planning of solar integrated electric vehicle charging infrastructure in India using an AI enabled multi objective planning framework

India's transition to electric mobility demands charging infrastructure that is cost-efficient, grid-compatible, and capable of integrating solar generation. Existing studies typically examine demand forecasting, PV utilisation, charging-topology behaviour, and economic viability in isolation, limiting their relevance for large-scale deployment. This work proposes a unified co-design framework that jointly optimises charging-station siting, charger sizing, PV allocation, and operational economics under India's tariff structure. Hourly EV demand is predicted using a hybrid forecasting model that combines Temporal Fusion Transformers with Graph Neural Networks to capture spatial and temporal variations. Solar-generation modelling, topology-based charger efficiencies, and distribution-grid constraints are incorporated into a techno-economic formulation. A multi-objective optimisation approach (NSGA-II) identifies configurations that minimise cost, reduce peak grid loading, and maximise solar utilisation. The framework is demonstrated using a representative mixed urban-highway region. Results show a 28-35% reduction in peak grid load, a 40-70% improvement in utilisation, and a 12-18% decrease in the levelised cost of charging compared with non-optimised deployments. The findings highlight the importance of integrated planning that aligns solar availability, demand behaviour, and tariff incentives. The proposed methodology offers a scalable decision-support tool for policymakers, utilities, and private developers planning future EV charging networks in India.

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Publication Details

Journal
Scientific Reports
Published
2026-01-27
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-37080-2
Citations
1
Primary Topic
Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
21.93
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article

Techno economic integrated planning of solar integrated electric vehicle charging infrastructure in India using an AI enabled multi objective planning framework

Nimmakanti Anil, Rahul Wilson Kotla, Bolla Kavya, T. Dinesh et al.
1 citations
Scientific Reports
Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure
21.93
article

Techno economic integrated planning of solar integrated electric vehicle charging infrastructure in India using an AI enabled multi objective planning framework

Nimmakanti Anil, Rahul Wilson Kotla, Bolla Kavya, T. Dinesh, Jayavani Lagudu
article en
1 citations

Abstract

India's transition to electric mobility demands charging infrastructure that is cost-efficient, grid-compatible, and capable of integrating solar generation. Existing studies typically examine demand forecasting, PV utilisation, charging-topology behaviour, and economic viability in isolation, limiting their relevance for large-scale deployment. This work proposes a unified co-design framework that jointly optimises charging-station siting, charger sizing, PV allocation, and operational economics under India's tariff structure. Hourly EV demand is predicted using a hybrid forecasting model that combines Temporal Fusion Transformers with Graph Neural Networks to capture spatial and temporal variations. Solar-generation modelling, topology-based charger efficiencies, and distribution-grid constraints are incorporated into a techno-economic formulation. A multi-objective optimisation approach (NSGA-II) identifies configurations that minimise cost, reduce peak grid loading, and maximise solar utilisation. The framework is demonstrated using a representative mixed urban-highway region. Results show a 28-35% reduction in peak grid load, a 40-70% improvement in utilisation, and a 12-18% decrease in the levelised cost of charging compared with non-optimised deployments. The findings highlight the importance of integrated planning that aligns solar availability, demand behaviour, and tariff incentives. The proposed methodology offers a scalable decision-support tool for policymakers, utilities, and private developers planning future EV charging networks in India.

Scientific ReportsVol. 16(1)
Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology & Research (IN), University College for Women (IN), English and Foreign Languages University (IN), Huisarts en Wetenschap (NL), Advanced Numerical Research and Analysis Group (IN)
Industry, innovation and infrastructure
Openalex Percentile: Top 2%
Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure
21.93
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