Combined therapy for intestinal dysbiosis as a strategy for the treatment of lipid metabolism disorders

Dyslipidaemia, a major contributor to cardiovascular diseases, necessitates multifaceted treatment strategies. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of combined therapy – including probiotics, lifestyle modifications, and dietary recommendations – in managing dyslipidaemia and its impact on gut microbiota composition. A total of 168 patients with dyslipidaemia were enrolled and categorised according to cardiovascular risk using the SCORE scale. Group 1 included low-risk patients, while Group 2 comprised moderate-risk patients who also received simvastatin. Both groups were prescribed a 12-week probiotic regimen containing Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5 and Bifidobacterium lactis BB-12, alongside recommendations for physical activity and cholesterollowering diets. Comprehensive assessments of lipid profiles and gut microbiota composition were conducted before and after treatment. The results demonstrated significant improvements in lipid profiles in both groups. Total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride levels decreased, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels increased. Statistical analysis showed that the differences in the percentage reductions of lipid profile parameters between the two groups were not statistically significant (p > 0.05), confirming the potential impact of probiotic therapy on lipid levels. Analysis of the gut microbiota revealed an increase in Bacteroidetes, and reductions in Firmicutes and Actinobacteria, along with a notable improvement in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, indicating restored microbial balance. This study highlighted the potential of probiotics as an effective adjunct in the management of dyslipidaemia, capable of complementing – or even reducing dependence on – statin therapy. The findings support the integration of microbiota-targeted therapies into personalised treatment strategies for dyslipidaemia