FROM GURUKUL TO GLOBAL CLASSROOMS: A CONCEPTUAL STUDY ON THE EVOLUTION OF EDUCATIONAL IDEALS IN INDIAN INTELLECTUAL THOUGHT

This conceptual paper traces the evolution of educational ideals in Indian intellectual thought from the ancient Gurukul system to contemporary global classrooms. Drawing from classical texts and the philosophies of Vivekananda, Tagore, Gandhi, and Aurobindo, the study analyses the historical continuity of holistic learning, moral development, experiential pedagogy, and teacher-student unity. Using a conceptual-analytical approach, it synthesizes philosophical perspectives to develop an evolutionary framework linking traditional Indian values with modern global educational needs. The analysis highlights the relevance of Indian educational ideals in addressing contemporary challenges such as digital ethics, value erosion, and global citizenship. The study concludes that Indian intellectual traditions offer timeless guidance for shaping humanistic, ethical, and future-ready educational systems.