Repositioning Home Economics and Hotel Management Education for Global Skill Competitiveness: A Conceptual Review

Globalization, technological change, and shifting labour market demands have increased the need to strengthen home economics and hotel management education. This paper is a literature-based review and conceptual analysis that examines the extent to which current training in these fields aligns with global skill standards. Drawing on existing studies, policy documents, and international best practices, the paper identifies gaps in curricula, pedagogy, industry engagement, and institutional support that limit graduate preparedness for global competitiveness. The review highlights key themes, including competency-based curricula, work-integrated learning, entrepreneurship education, continuous professional development for educators, and stronger institutional–industry collaboration. It also examines structural constraints such as inadequate funding, limited infrastructure, and weak policy implementation. Based on the literature, the paper proposes a conceptual framework for upscaling home economics and hotel management education, integrating curriculum reform, pedagogical innovation, industry linkages, quality assurance mechanisms, and supportive policy environments, with emphasis on sustainability, cultural responsiveness, and digital technologies