Cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease is associated with enhanced modulation of subthalamic beta-oscillations during DBS neurofeedback

Cognitive impairment in PD is associated with enhanced modulation of subthalamic beta-oscillations during DBS-neurofeedback. This finding challenges the assumption that preserved cognition is necessary for effective neurofeedback, suggesting that compensatory or disease-related network dynamics may underpin modulation capacity. Future studies should investigate mechanistic explanations and assess whether stratifying patients by cognitive status can optimise personalised neuromodulation strategies.