Mineral‐targeted alkaline phosphatase improves bone graft‐mediated alveolar bone defect healing in mice

When people lose teeth, keeping enough bone in the jaw is critical for future treatments like dental implants. A common material used to rebuild bone is called freeze-dried bone allograft (FDBA), but it does not always heal quickly or completely. In this study, we tested whether adding a special enzyme called TNAP, which helps build bones naturally, could make FDBA work better. After extracting teeth and creating bone defects in mice, we compared healing between three groups: control (sham), FDBA + saline, and FDBA + engineered TNAP-Fc-D₁₀. After 2 weeks, the group that received FDBA+TNAP-Fc-D₁₀ showed more new bone formation and better preservation of the size of the jawbone. Even after 2 months, their bone remained denser and more stable compared with the other groups. Importantly, we found no signs of unwanted side effects in the blood. These results suggest that adding TNAP-Fc-D₁₀could make bone grafts more effective early on, helping preserve jaw structure better over time. More research is needed to fine-tune the treatment and see how well it works in humans.