Coffee Intake

Introduction. Coffee is one of the most widely consumed beverages in the world, valued both for its sensory qualities and, increasingly, for its potential health benefits. Global daily consumption is estimated at approximately 2.23 billion cups. The literature emphasizes that the varying content of biologically active compounds in coffee is significantly influenced by factors such as its preparation method, extraction time, brewing pressure, and temperature. Aim of the study. The aim of this study is to discuss and examine how drinking coffee affects humans from various interdisciplinary perspectives, as well as to present both the beneficial and potential adverse effects of coffee consumption. Brief description of state of knowledge. Coffee is a rich source of chemical compounds such as chlorogenic acid, caffeine, and caffeic acid. These biologically active compounds reduce the risk of neurodegenerative diseases, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes, and reduce the risk of dementia. Coffee consumption prolongs and improves the quality of life, supports increased tolerance to physical exercise, and has antioxidant properties. Summary. Coffee has a complex composition and affects the body in many ways, and its effects depend on individual predispositions and the amount consumed. In moderate doses, it can provide health benefits, such as reducing the risk of certain cancers and cardiovascular diseases. However, excessive amounts can lead to side effects, including excitability, sleep problems, and digestive problems. The overall effect of coffee depends on lifestyle and personal characteristics.