ALGERIA–SLOVENIA RELATIONS: ANALYZING POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC DYNAMICS THROUGH SMALL AND MEDIUM STATES DIPLOMACY

The aim of this paper is to examine Algeria–Slovenia bilateral relations through the lens of small and medium states diplomacy, focusing on how both countries navigate structural asymmetries in the international system. Methodologically, the analysis employs the Marginalization Model to explain the peripheral positioning of small and medium states, while also integrating the concept of Strategic Niche Diplomacy to capture their agency. The results show that, despite limited material resources and bargaining power, Algeria and Slovenia manage to exert strategic influence through selective engagement, coalition-building, and multilateral participation. Their niche strategies—Algeria in energy, regional security, and infrastructure; Slovenia in technological innovation, space sciences, and pharmaceuticals—enable both states to transform structural constraints into diplomatic leverage. Historical milestones, such as early diplomatic recognition, the establishment of resident embassies, and high-level visits, further demonstrate the institutionalization of bilateral ties. Overall, the findings highlight that small and medium states can overcome marginalization through proactive, capacity-driven diplomacy, providing a model of resilient and adaptive foreign policy in regional and global affairs.