Automated Identification of Heavy BIM Library Components: A Multi-Criteria Analysis Tool for Model Optimization

This study addresses the challenge of identifying heavy Building Information Modeling (BIM) library components that disproportionately degrade model performance. While BIM has become standard in the construction industry, heavy components characterized by excessive geometric complexity, numerous instances, or inefficient optimization—cause extended file loading times, interface lag, and coordination difficulties, particularly in large cross-industry projects. Current identification methods rely primarily on designer experience and manual inspection, lacking systematic evaluation frameworks. This research develops a multi-criteria evaluation method based on Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) that quantifies component performance impact through five weighted criteria: instance count (20%), geometry complexity (30%), face count (20%), edge count (10%), and estimated file size (20%). These metrics are aggregated into a composite Weight Score, with components exceeding a threshold of 200 classified as requiring optimization attention. The method was implemented as HeavyFamilies, a pyRevit plugin for Autodesk Revit featuring a graphical interface with tabular results, CSV export functionality, and direct model visualization. Validation on three real BIM projects of varying scales (133–680 families) demonstrated effective identification of heavy components within 8–165 s of analysis time. User validation with six BIM specialists achieved 100% task completion rate, with automatic color coding and direct model highlighting particularly valued. The proposed approach enables a shift from reactive troubleshooting to proactive quality control, supporting routine diagnostics and objective prioritization of optimization efforts in federated and multi-disciplinary construction projects.