The interplay of APOE and APOA1 gene polymorphisms modulates the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in an obese population: a case–control study"

APOE ε4 and APOA1 rs5069 A alleles were independently associated with obesity-related T2DM. Although these variants demonstrated correlated distribution patterns in obese individuals, the formal gene-gene interaction on T2DM risk was not statistically significant after multivariable adjustment. These findings suggest that obesity may represent a metabolic context in which combined genetic associations are more evident, warranting further investigation in larger and well-powered cohorts.