Outcomes and complications of transurethral resection of the prostate in patients with and without acute urinary retention: A comparative study

Abstract Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a dominant cause of lower urinary tract syndrome in older men, and transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is the gold-standard treatment of this disease. Patients who come in with acute urinary retention (AUR) commonly have varying postoperative outcomes as opposed to those with no retention. Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the postoperative results and complications of TURP in BPH patients who present with and without AUR. Materials and Methods: A prospective study was carried out at the Government T. D. Medical College Hospital, Alappuzha, that involved 150 patients who had undergone TURP. The study subjects were categorized into the AUR group ( n = 89) and the non-AUR group ( n = 61). Such factors as demography, comorbid past, postobstetric prostate volume, and postoperation complications were taken and analyzed statistically. Results: AUR experienced postoperative urinary tract infection (25.8% vs. 4.9%, P = 0.001) and recatheterization (18.0% vs. 3.3%, P = 0.005) significantly higher. The average stay length of the patients had AUR (5.2 vs. 4.1 days, P = 0.02). Groups did not differ significantly in terms of postoperative sepsis, formation of hematuria, and development of urethral stricture. Conclusions: One of the risks of TURP in patients with AUR would be increased complications and long hospitalization duration compared to patients without AUR. Routine screening of BPH and potential subsequent development into urinary retention, as well as individualized postoperative support, may enhance the results of surgery.