Non-partner sexual violence against women: a mixed-methods study protocol on prevalence, patterns, consequences, and coping strategies

Non-partner sexual violence (NPSV) against women is a serious public health concern with substantial implications for mental and sexual health. However, data on its prevalence, patterns—including victim–perpetrator relationship, event context, and nature of acts—and related outcomes remain limited. This study investigates the lifetime prevalence and patterns of NPSV among women in Iran, its psychosexual impacts, and victims’ coping strategies. This study employs a sequential mixed-methods design, with primary emphasis on the quantitative phase. The initial phase involves a national cross-sectional survey of 1,500 Iranian women aged ≥ 18 years. Participants will be recruited using a dual-mode sampling strategy, combining online and in-person approaches with equal weighting. Standardized tools will include assessments of demographic characteristics, NPSV detection, and its patterns across three subtypes: non-contact, contact without penetration, and penetrative contact, along with psychosexual health outcomes. In the subsequent qualitative phase, approximately 25–40 survey participants will be selected through purposive sampling to ensure maximum variation in factors influencing coping strategies. Semi-structured interviews will explore victims’ coping strategies. Quantitative and qualitative data will be integrated to provide a comprehensive understanding of NPSV. This study will provide essential evidence on NPSV against women within Asian and Islamic contexts. By integrating quantitative data with qualitative narratives, the findings will offer a robust empirical foundation for developing trauma-informed, victim-centered public health interventions and informing policy reforms. Non-partner sexual violence (NPSV) is a global health issue with serious implications for women’s sexual and mental well-being. This study investigates the prevalence, patterns, and health impacts of NPSV among Iranian women, using a mixed-methods design that combines a nationwide survey (N = 1,500) with in-depth interviews (N = 25–40). The survey examines various forms of NPSV and their associations with anxiety, depression, sexual satisfaction, and functioning. Interviews explore culturally specific coping strategies. Recruitment was conducted both online and in person to reduce reporting barriers. Findings aim to inform support services, legal reforms, and prevention efforts in Iran.