The National Lifeguard Qualification Reform and the Collapse of the Civil Lifeguard Certification System: Structural Causes of Safety Gaps and Field Confusion

This study examines the structural impacts of the upcoming revision to South Korea’s national lifeguard qualification system and the collapse of existing private certification systems, focusing on field safety gaps and operational confusion. Fifteen water safety instructors from the Seoul Chapter of the Korean Red Cross were interviewed in-depth.<br/> First, a sufficient preparation period and a phased transition are essential to reduce psychological and administrative burdens on new and incumbent instructors, supported by evaluation systems that link field experience with institutional requirements.<br/> Second, clearer linkages between private certifications and the national qualification system, along with standardized training and competency assessments, are needed to ensure both professionalism and safety.<br/> Third, integrating overlapping legal frameworks and standardizing terminology and job scopes can minimize administrative confusion and clarify accountability.<br/> Fourth, administrative requirements related to training, examinations, and renewal should be managed more flexibly through field-oriented support systems.<br/> Finally, participatory consultative bodies and clear communication during policy implementation can help reflect on-site perspectives and prevent confusion and safety gaps.