Role of Cystatin C and Uromodulin Levels in the Chronic Kidney Disease Progression

Abstract Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is caused by reduced renal functioning as well as irreversible structural changes in the kidney. Objective: The aim of study is to determine the role of cystatin C and uromodulin in progression of CKD in a sample of Iraqi patients. Materials and Methods: This study included 90 samples, which were divided into two groups. The first group included 70 CKD patients, and the second group included 20 healthy groups. Blood samples were collected to determine complete blood count and serum was separated to assess renal function tests [blood urea (B. urea), serum creatinine (S. Cr.), uric acid (UA), and calculated estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)], and to measure levels of cystatin C (cys C) and uromodulin (Umod). Results: The study showed a significant ( P < 0.001) increase in levels of B. urea and S. Cr., while the value of eGFR showed a significant ( P < 0.001) decrease with the progress of CKD. A significant ( P < 0.001) decrease was found in levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit while non-significant ( P > 0.05) differences were revealed in the rest of the hematological parameters with the progress of the CKD. A significance ( P < 0.001) decrease and increase were found in levels of cys C and Umod, respectively, with the progress of CKD. Conclusion: The progression of CKD in impaired kidneys was associated with an elevated level of cys C, with a decrease in the level of Umod in all stages of CKD patients and control. On the other hand, cys C was better than Umod in diagnosis between stages of CKD.