Toxoplasmosis and Antiphospholipid Autoantibodies Associated with Preeclampsia

Abstract Background: Toxoplasma gondii is a single-celled, low-specificity parasite that obligatorily settles inside host cells, infects many different hosts, and is associated with many diseases. Objective: The purpose of the current study is to look into the relationship between toxoplasmosis and preeclampsia (PE). Materials and Methods: 60 healthy women and 80 women with PE diseases participated in a case–control study to test anti- T. gondii and antiphospholipid IgM and IgG antibodies by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay. A formalized questionnaire was designed to collect participant demographic data and PE risk factors during sampling. Results: The seroprevalence antibodies were 35% and 10% for both Toxoplasma -IgG and -IgM, respectively, in women exposed to Preeclampsia, compared to 0% and 6.66% for healthy pregnant women, respectively, and significant difference ( P < 0.0001) between the two groups was recorded for IgG antibody only. Anti-phospholipid IgM and IgG antibodies were statistically significant differences between the two groups and had a larger in pre-eclampsia patients than the control group ( P < 0.05) and ( P < 0.01), respectively. Anti-phospholipid IgM antibodies were greater ( P < 0.001) in PE patients group with latent toxoplasmosis (28.57%) than other group, anti-phospholipid IgG antibodies were greater ( P < 0.001) in PE patients without Toxoplasma infection than both PE patients with Toxoplasma and healthy pregnant women groups. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between abortions and PE, as well as between the stage or period of pregnancy and the disease, and significant relationship was recorded between the number of pregnancies and PE. Conclusion: The study concludes that toxoplasmosis and prevalence of antiphospholipid antibodies are risk factors for PE in women.