A joint range–angle–velocity estimation algorithm for FDA-MIMO radar based on graph signal processing

Abstract In this paper, a novel Frequency Diverse Array–Multiple Input Multiple Output (FDA-MIMO) radar parameter estimation algorithm based on Graph Signal Processing (GSP) is proposed for joint range–angle–velocity estimation. By modeling the FDA-MIMO radar echoes as graph signals and constructing an adjacency matrix that captures the spatial correlations among array elements, the proposed method performs Graph Fourier Transform (GFT) analysis to extract the spectral characteristics of the target signal. The target parameters are then obtained by searching for the spectral peak responses corresponding to the unit eigenvalue of the graph adjacency matrix. The proposed GSP-based FDA-MIMO radar framework provides an efficient and high-precision solution for multi-target parameter estimation, with strong potential for real-time and complex-environment applications.