Multi-Objective Optimization of the Combined Sizing and Placement of a PV System and an UPQC in an IEEE 69-Bus Distribution Network Using a Genetic Algorithm

This work proposes a combined integration approach for a photovoltaic (PV) system and a Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) in order to simultaneously improve the power quality and energy efficiency of distribution networks. The study aims to determine the optimal positioning and sizing of these two devices in the standard IEEE 69-bus radial distribution network, using multi-objective optimization. The goal is to minimize active and reactive power losses while improving the voltage profile of the network. The optimization problem is solved using Genetic Algorithms, combined with the Backward/Forward Sweep (BFS) power flow calculation method, which is particularly suited to radial networks. The results show that combined integration (PV + UPQC) offers significantly better performance than individual integrations. Active losses decrease from 224.93 kW to 48.45 kW (a reduction of 78.46%), while reactive losses decrease from 102.14 kVAr to 25.95 kVAr (a reduction of 74.60%). In addition, the minimum grid voltage is improved from 0.90919 p.u. to 0.96791 p.u. These results validate the effectiveness of the multi-objective approach using genetic algorithms for the optimal dimensioning and stabilization of distribution networks integrating renewable sources and active compensation devices.