Effects of cold water immersion vs body cryotherapy on delayed onset muscle soreness and jump performance following acute strenuous exercise in physically active participants: A systematic review and meta-analysis

CWI appears more effective than BC for short-term DOMS relief. BC may offer a modest, short-term advantage in jump performance recovery, though this finding is limited by heterogeneity and a marginal effect size. Both methods support post-exercise recovery by accelerating the restoration of muscle function and reducing soreness, which can benefit athletes and physically active individuals globally.