The Effect of Reflexology on Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Open Heart Surgery: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Reflexology may be effective in reducing anxiety in patients undergoing open-heart surgery. However, the significant heterogeneity identified among the included studies indicates variability among study conditions. Therefore, their outcomes should be evaluated carefully. Reflexology may be used as an adjunct to standard patient care. Additional studies with more homogeneous methodologies are required to strengthen the evidence base for the efficacy of reflexology in reducing anxiety in this vulnerable patient population.