Comparison of External Monetary Environmental Impacts of Regional Railway and Road Passenger Transport in the Context of the Potential Discontinuation of Regional Railway Services in Slovakia

The aim of the presented article is the comparison of external monetary environmental impacts generated by railway and road transport in Slovakia region. The Kralovany–Trstena regional line located in the northern Slovakia was selected. The monetary impacts of environmental pollution from transport on this line were analysed. Various pollutants were selected for the assessment from exhaust gases, such as fine particulate matter PM2.5, nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulphur dioxide (SO2), non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOC), and ammonia (NH3). The Cost–Benefit Analysis methodology was applied for the calculation of monetary impacts. The results point out that the usage of diesel multiple units on the given line has a significant impact on the monetary impacts of pollutant emissions.