Diffuse Infiltration of both Breasts in Pregnant Women is the First Manifestation of Myeloid Sarcoma - A Case Report and Literature Review

Myeloid sarcoma (MS) during pregnancy is rare, and cases initially presenting as bilateral breast infiltration are particularly misleading and difficult to diagnose. It is essential to differentiate MS from conditions such as mammary hyperplasia and breast cancer. We report a case of a 28-year-old woman who developed bilateral breast induration, distension, and serous discharge at seven months’ gestation. The final diagnosis was MS secondary to acute myeloid leukemia. The patient is currently undergoing chemotherapy. Clinicians should increase their awareness of MS and, when necessary, recommend hematological and bone marrow cytomorphological examinations for pregnant women presenting with suspicious breast symptoms to ensure early diagnosis.