Integrative multi-omics reveal a CD4⁺ T cell–derived six-gene signature linking the immune–stromal ecosystem to prognosis and immunotherapy selection in pancreatic cancer

CD4⁺ T-cell subsets serve as central determinant of the immune landscape and clinical outcome in PC. The CD4⁺ T cell-anchored six-gene signature enables risk stratification, links immune contexture to stromal ecology, and motivates biomarker-guided trials and rational combinations that alleviate immunosuppression while targeting metabolic-stress pathways.